Low-Link (橋, 関節点列挙)
(graph/low-link.hpp)

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• Last update: 2024-08-24 11:50:18+09:00
• Include: #include "graph/low-link.hpp"

Depends on

• template/alias.hpp
• template/debug.hpp
• template/func.hpp
• template/macro.hpp
• template/template.hpp
• template/util.hpp

Verified with

• test/AOJ/GRL_3_A.test.cpp
• test/AOJ/GRL_3_B.test.cpp

Code

#pragma once
#include "../template/template.hpp"

struct LowLink {
    vector<int> aps;
    vector<pair<int, int>> brs;

    vector<int> seen, ord, low;
    void dfs_lowlink(const vector<vector<int>> &G, int v, int p = -1) {
        static int time = 0;
        seen[v] = true;
        ord[v] = low[v] = time++;
        int num_of_child = 0;
        bool exist = false;
        for (auto ch : G[v]) {
            if (seen[ch]) {
                if (ch != p) low[v] = min(low[v], ord[ch]);
                continue;
            }
            dfs_lowlink(G, ch, v);
            low[v] = min(low[v], low[ch]);
            if (ord[v] < low[ch]) brs.emplace_back(v, ch);
            if (ord[v] <= low[ch]) exist = true;
            ++num_of_child;
        }
        if ((p == -1 && num_of_child > 1) || (p != -1 && exist)) aps.emplace_back(v);
    }
    void solve(const vector<vector<int>> &G) {
        int N = (int)G.size();
        seen.assign(N, 0);
        ord.resize(N);
        low.resize(N);
        aps.clear();
        brs.clear();
        for (int v = 0; v < N; ++v)
            if (!seen[v]) dfs_lowlink(G, v);
    }
};

#line 2 "template/template.hpp"
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#line 3 "template/macro.hpp"

#define overload3(_1, _2, _3, name, ...) name
#define all1(v) std::begin(v), std::end(v)
#define all2(v, a) std::begin(v), std::begin(v) + a
#define all3(v, a, b) std::begin(v) + a, std::begin(v) + b
#define all(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, all3, all2, all1)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define rall1(v) std::rbegin(v), std::rend(v)
#define rall2(v, a) std::rbegin(v), std::rbegin(v) + a
#define rall3(v, a, b) std::rbegin(v) + a, std::rbegin(v) + b
#define rall(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, rall3, rall2, rall1)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define elif else if
#define updiv(N, X) (((N) + (X) - 1) / (X))
#define sigma(a, b) (((a) + (b)) * ((b) - (a) + 1) / 2)
#define INT(...)     \
    int __VA_ARGS__; \
    scan(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LL(...)     \
    ll __VA_ARGS__; \
    scan(__VA_ARGS__)
#define STR(...)        \
    string __VA_ARGS__; \
    scan(__VA_ARGS__)
#define CHR(...)      \
    char __VA_ARGS__; \
    scan(__VA_ARGS__)
#define DOU(...)        \
    double __VA_ARGS__; \
    scan(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LD(...)     \
    ld __VA_ARGS__; \
    scan(__VA_ARGS__)
#define pb push_back
#define eb emplace_back
#line 3 "template/alias.hpp"

using ll = long long;
using ld = long double;
using pii = std::pair<int, int>;
using pll = std::pair<ll, ll>;
constexpr int inf = 1 << 30;
constexpr ll INF = 1LL << 60;
constexpr int dx[8] = {1, 0, -1, 0, 1, -1, 1, -1};
constexpr int dy[8] = {0, 1, 0, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1};
constexpr int mod = 998244353;
constexpr int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
#line 3 "template/func.hpp"

template <typename T>
inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { return ((a < b) ? (a = b, true) : (false)); }
template <typename T>
inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { return ((a > b) ? (a = b, true) : (false)); }
template <typename T, typename U>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const std::pair<T, U> &p) {
    os << p.first << " " << p.second;
    return os;
}
template <typename T, typename U>
std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, std::pair<T, U> &p) {
    is >> p.first >> p.second;
    return is;
}
template <typename T>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const std::vector<T> &v) {
    for (auto it = std::begin(v); it != std::end(v);) {
        os << *it << ((++it) != std::end(v) ? " " : "");
    }
    return os;
}
template <typename T>
std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, std::vector<T> &v) {
    for (T &in : v) {
        is >> in;
    }
    return is;
}
inline void scan() {}
template <class Head, class... Tail>
inline void scan(Head &head, Tail &...tail) {
    std::cin >> head;
    scan(tail...);
}
template <class T>
inline void print(const T &t) { std::cout << t << '\n'; }
template <class Head, class... Tail>
inline void print(const Head &head, const Tail &...tail) {
    std::cout << head << ' ';
    print(tail...);
}
template <class... T>
inline void fin(const T &...a) {
    print(a...);
    exit(0);
}
#line 3 "template/util.hpp"

struct IOSetup {
    IOSetup() {
        std::cin.tie(nullptr);
        std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
        std::cout.tie(0);
        std::cout << std::fixed << std::setprecision(12);
        std::cerr << std::fixed << std::setprecision(12);
    }
} IOSetup;
#line 3 "template/debug.hpp"

#ifdef LOCAL
#include <dump.hpp>
#else
#define debug(...)
#endif
#line 8 "template/template.hpp"
using namespace std;
#line 3 "graph/low-link.hpp"

struct LowLink {
    vector<int> aps;
    vector<pair<int, int>> brs;

    vector<int> seen, ord, low;
    void dfs_lowlink(const vector<vector<int>> &G, int v, int p = -1) {
        static int time = 0;
        seen[v] = true;
        ord[v] = low[v] = time++;
        int num_of_child = 0;
        bool exist = false;
        for (auto ch : G[v]) {
            if (seen[ch]) {
                if (ch != p) low[v] = min(low[v], ord[ch]);
                continue;
            }
            dfs_lowlink(G, ch, v);
            low[v] = min(low[v], low[ch]);
            if (ord[v] < low[ch]) brs.emplace_back(v, ch);
            if (ord[v] <= low[ch]) exist = true;
            ++num_of_child;
        }
        if ((p == -1 && num_of_child > 1) || (p != -1 && exist)) aps.emplace_back(v);
    }
    void solve(const vector<vector<int>> &G) {
        int N = (int)G.size();
        seen.assign(N, 0);
        ord.resize(N);
        low.resize(N);
        aps.clear();
        brs.clear();
        for (int v = 0; v < N; ++v)
            if (!seen[v]) dfs_lowlink(G, v);
    }
};

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